The fact is that as I'm using jQueryMobile within my PhoneGap app on Android, as far as I know, the WebView that is created in the application uses the same libraries as Chrome (Android version).
Indeed, I tried to run the application directly from the Android Chrome, and it also doesn't work. But I tried it with Android Firefox and it works perfectly.
Maybe it belongs to the behavior of Chrome (maybe Safari from iOS too)
Marc