we could easily provide SVG versions of the icons should jQuery developers ask for it.
Really not a jQuery issue. Mobile Safari (and webview) on iOS 4 simply does not support any webfont format other than SVG.
I'd have concerns about copyright. I don't know where these icons came from, and many of them look quite familiar. (i.e. look the same as FontAwesome). If some of these come from other open-license fonts, then proper attribution is probably required (depending on the specific license of where they came from.)
I suppose there are only so many possible representations of simple shapes, but this and the trademark logos raise red flags, and some of these shapes aren't so simple. For example, the "road" icon.
FontAwesome does have trademark logos for various social networking sites, though. It would be up to users to make sure they have the right to use these and are using them in accordance with the licensing requirements of each site.
I'd be concerned about using a font containing that "Apple" logo, though. The mere presence of this in the font could lead to outright rejection of an App Store app, because Apple does not permit developers to use this logo in an app under any circumstance. (They have specific rules, for example you can use their "Available in the App Store" graphic on your website.)
With FontAwesome, we have reasonable assurance they were all done from scratch by a single designer (at least initially, but then they have accepted contributions.)
I realize I'm being a bit picky about this, but this is a major concern for any developer using a resource such as this. Developers don't like to expose themselves to unknown liabilities.